Cochlear Implants – How Do You Vote?

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Before you begin reading this blog, please keep in mind that I am neither in favor of, or against cochlear implants.

As a teacher for the deaf, many of my students have  cochlear implants, hearing aids, or had no amplification at all.   In an controlled environment, the students wearing cochlear implants could hear pretty well.  For example, if I was sitting at my desk and the students were quietly working, I could call out the name of one of the students that had the implant, and he or she would respond.   However, if I needed a student who did not have a cochlear implant, I would ask one of the students with the implant to tap the student with no amplification on the shoulder, or desk .  In deaf culture, to get someone’s attention, you simply tap the individual on the shoulder or lightly wave your hand from a distance to gain their attention.  You DO NOT throw something at the deaf person, nor do you jump up and down while waving your arms and hands in a dramatic fashion.

A good friend of mine has many family members who suffer with some degree of hearing loss.   In fact, at the age of 20, if a member of the family does not begin experiencing some signs of hearing loss, that was reason for celebration.    Currently, he has nearly 50 family members who are either profoundly deaf, or have some degree of hearing loss.  Some of his immediate family members decided to get an implant to see how much it would help.  Today, some of them are  now able to talk on the phone.

These are just two examples of how cochlear implants have helped in the classroom and in a large family.

According to  http://www.kidshealth.org a cochlear implant is a surgically implanted device that helps overcome problems in the inner ear, or cochlea. The cochlea is a snail-shaped, curled tube located in the area of the ear where nerves are contained. Its function is to gather electrical signals from sound vibrations and transmit them to your auditory nerve (or hearing nerve). The hearing nerve then sends these signals to the brain, where they’re translated into recognizable sounds.

How do you feel about cochlear implants?  Do you know someone that has or had one?

Types of Hearing Loss and Causes

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Types of Hearing Loss

There are a 3 different types of hearing loss: conductive, sensory, mixed (conductive and sensory combined), and neural.

  • Conductive hearing loss. This happens when there is a problem with a part of the outer or middle ear. Most kids with conductive hearing loss have a mild hearing loss and it is usually temporary because in most cases medical treatment can help.
  • Sensory hearing loss. This happens when the cochlea is not working correctly because the tiny hair cells are damaged or destroyed. Depending on the loss, a kid may be able to hear most sounds (although they would be muffled); may be able to hear in quiet but not in noise; only some sounds; or no sounds at all. Sensory hearing impairment is almost always permanent and a kid’s ability to talk normally may be affected.
  • Neural hearing loss. This happens when there is a problem with the connection from the cochlea to the brain. Neural means related to nerve, so neural hearing loss means the nerve that carries the messages from the cochlea to the brain is damaged.

Causes of Hearing Loss:

  • Exposure to noise
  • Disease
  • Infections
  • Drugs
  • Inherited
  • Serious injury
  • Ageing
  • Prematurity

To check out statistics on the number of people with a hearing loss, go to http://library.gallaudet.edu/Library/Research

Deaf Culture Tip

Deaf Culture Etiquette

Do’s & Don’ts when communicating with a person who is deaf or hard-of-hearing

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Do’s:

  • Look directly at the person
  • Watch for understanding through facial expressions and head nods
  • If the person does not understand a particular word, find a different word that means the same thing
  • Repeat a phrase or idea when necessary
  • If conversation is lacking understanding, use a pencil and paper or use a text device to help with communication
  • Do talk in a normal manner

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Don’ts:

  • Do not break eye contact during the conversation
  • Do not exaggerate mouth movements
  • Do not yell at the deaf or hard-of-hearing person
  • Do not refer to the person as “he” or “she”
  • Do not pretend to understand if you do not
  • Do not eat while you are talking to a person with a hearing loss
  • Do not mumble or cover your mouth with your hands

For people who are interested in learning American Sign Language, there are lessons online at http://www.ASLdeafined.com

Helen Keller – A Visit to Ivy Green

For me, the MOST life-changing, and inspiring vacation of my life, was a journey to the childhood home of Miss Helen Keller, located in Tuscumbia, Alabama.  As you may know, Helen was stricken with a form of meningitis, or scarlet fever, at the tender age of 19 months, leaving her deaf and blind for the rest of her life.  A few years later, her parents contacted the Perkins School for the Blind to inquire about hiring a teacher for young Helen.

A woman by the name of Anne Sullivan was selected.  Little did Anne know that her life was about to change the lives of millions of others through the life of her small student.  Anne played a crucial role in Helen’s education, linking ideas and concepts to words.  Eventually, Helen would become one of the first deaf-blind individuals to graduate from Radcliffe University, with a bachelor of arts degree, in 1904.

Upon my arrival at the estate of Miss Keller’s father, named Ivy Green, I was welcomed by two ladies who were employees of the National Park Service.  They informed me that 75% of the artifacts in the home were original.  The dining room table was set with all of the home’s  remaining plates and utensils, but some plates were missing.  If you watched the movie, “The Miracle Worker”, you will surely understand what happened to those plates and utensils.

In a room adjacent to the dining room is a guest room with several show cases filled with Helen’s personal items.  While looking into one of the glass cases, I smiled away the tears when my eyes caught the view of that infamous key used by mischievous Little Helen to lock her teacher, Anne Sullivan, in her upstairs room.  Helen refused to tell her parents where she hid that key, so the only recourse the young teacher had was to ungraciously exit the home by  climbing out of the upstairs window, and then being carried down a ladder.  (A note in the display case explained that some time later, the key was found right where Helen hid it very quickly; under the wood china cabinet located in the hallway near the bottom of the staircase.  Helen must of descended the stairs very quickly before attention would be drawn to Anne’s room because of some very frantic pounding on the inside of the door.)   Can you imagine if that key was in your own personal collection today?  What a piece of American history you’d have.

The entire home was filled with memorabilia from Helen’s life, including pictures of dignitaries she met throughout a lifetime of public speaking.  Also, there sat old Braille machines Helen used to complete her degree in college, and for writing letters and books.  Other artifacts included several sculptures of Helen, a rocking chair, and Helen’s doll that she clung to as a child.  Hundreds of precious items were on display everywhere.

As I walked out the back door of the home, I actually froze in my steps, for there to my right was THE original pump causing the liquid to flow over little Helen’s hands.  Perhaps it was the shock from the cold water that triggered her mind, awakening the messages so often pressed into her palm, hands, and fingers by a very determined teacher.  Whatever the cause, the tireless efforts of Anne Sullivan slowly began to materialize into an expression of confusion on Helen’s face, followed by a long pause, and then the world would never be the same.  Right here where I was standing, on this historical and sacred ground, the lips of this deaf and blind girl began to tremble.  Her heart raced, and her confused, yet inquisitive mind began to generate a word – yea a thought!  The paralyzing, dark veil of night was being lifted.  No!  It was being torn away by a force so powerful that the moment would forever change the world!!  Ever so slowly, Helen uttered a partial word, almost as if asking a question…!! “Wa.  Wa!!  Wa…”  Realizing the metamorphosing taking place, the teacher instinctively rushed to Helen’s side and with dedicated determination, pressed into the girl’s palm the hammer that would now destroy the wall of isolation once and for all!!

“Y-E-S!!”, Anne spelled into Helen’s hand.  Right here where I was standing.  Ivy Green.  Tuscumbia, Alabama.  As Helen tried speaking the word, Anne Sullivan opened the windows.  She broke down the door!  She made it happen.   ”W-A-T-E-R”, Ann spelled, and Helen muttered,  “Wa-ter.!”    What a marvelous moment in the life of this child, and of her teacher.  The lights came on, never to be dimmed again!  And I stood right there, where the Fountain of Hope burst forth.

Now, more words flowed!!  “Grass.. ground…,” and finally, “TEACHER!!”  Standing there for perhaps 20 minutes, numerous images of Helen uttering those first words lifted my heart to the height of Heaven!  Right here, some 120 years ago, lives all around the globe would soon begin to change because of one student, and one teacher known today as the Miracle Worker.  Helen’s eyes were blind, but now her heart could see!!

Every minute and every second of my visit to Ivy Green will remain with me for the rest of my life.  It was a life-changing experience, one filled with complete inspiration.  Every room in that home and every inch of the grounds surrounding the home, remain vividly fresh; a romantic moment of history in my life that will never be forgotten.   Perhaps one day, you too can visit the Ivy Green estate of Helen Keller.  I am certain that you will come away deeply moved, as I was, and your life will also be forever changed.

Miss Keller died in 1968, but her life continues to bring hope and inspiration even to this very day.  I wish I could have met her.  Without a doubt, she was one remarkable lady.  And, the key once used to lock the door to her teacher’s bedroom, is now used to unlock the doors for millions of people around the world.  The fingerprints of her life shall never be wiped  away.

During her lifetime, Miss Keller received a tremendous number of awards, including the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1965.  She passed away in 1968, just a few weeks short of her 88th birthday.  In his eulogy, Senator Lister Hill of Alabama expressed the feelings of the whole world when he said of Helen Keller, “She will live on, one of the few, the immortal names not born to die. Her spirit will endure as long as man can read and stories can be told of the woman who showed the world there are no boundaries to courage and faith.”


Helen Keller pump

For additional information about visiting the home of Helen Keller, go to http://www.helenkellerbirthplace.org/

American Sign Language – Brief History

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What is American Sign Language?

American Sign Language (ASL) is the language used by the Deaf community throughout the United States and parts of North America.  It is also used throughout various countries like the Philippines, Hong Kong, Puerto Rico, and Singapore.  ASL has its own grammar and linguistic structure.  American Sign Language incorporates facial expressions, body gestures, fingerspelling, and non manual markers.  Hearing families with deaf children may learn ASL, along with creating “home signs” to be able to communicate with deaf relatives.

Is American Sign Language Universal?

Contrary to popular belief, American Sign Language is not a universal language.  Again, American Sign Language is used throughout the United States, Canada, North America and other countries throughout the world.

History of American Sign Language:

In 1815, Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet traveled to France and met several influential people, one being Laurent Clerc, a deaf student at the Royal Institution for the Deaf in Paris.  T. Gallaudet learned the educational methods at the Royal Institution for the Deaf with sign language.  Gallaudet brought Clerc back to the United States to help establish the first school for the deaf in Connecticut which was called The Connecticut Asylum for the Education and Instruction of the Deaf and Dumb Persons.  Students at the school learned French Sign Language as well as shared their “home signs” with each other.  Today, the school is now called The American School for the Deaf, which educates deaf and hard of hearing students from ages 3 to 21.  For more information about The American School for the Deaf, visit their website at http://www.asd-1817.org/

Gallaudet University – The Only Liberal Arts College for the Deaf

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Gallaudet University, named in honor of  Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet,  is the first school in the world that operated for the purpose of educating those who are deaf and hard of hearing.  It is located in Washington, D.C.  It opened its doors in 1864.  Today, it remains as the only university in the world in which all programs and services are specifically designed to accommodate deaf and hard of hearing students.  Many presidents visited and spoke at the school beginning with Ulysses S. Grant in 1870, and ending with President Clinton in 1994.

In 1988, the students at Gallaudet University made national news when they protested the hiring of yet another hearing president.  After a week of protesting, the  candidate nominated to be the new president resigned.  She was replaced by a deaf man named  I. King Jordan, who served as president until December 31, 2006.  The protest became known across America as Deaf President Now.

You can read more by visiting their website at: http://www.gallaudet.edu/

Featured Story in The Oakland Press Newspaper

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Paul Fugate and Mercy Gonzalez are shown communicating in a hearing-impaired class at East Hills Middle School in Bloomfield Hills where Fugate teaches. Fugate and Gonzalez created the Web site, ASLdeafined, to teach sign language.

"We are confident this site will encourage communication with all members of the family where there is a deaf individual"

By MACAELA MacKENZIE
Special to The Oakland Press

Nearly all deaf children in America are born to hearing parents, and 75 percent of those parents do not know sign language.

In many families, deaf children are often left out of the conversation because no one in the family has learned sign language. On top of this, about 38 million — or half of all baby boomers — suffer from some degree of hearing loss, according to a new Web site, www. ASLdeafined.com.

With the launch of the new site, deaf individuals no longer need to feel isolated and left out of family conversations.

The Web site, based in Auburn Hills, is tailored to three main groups, parents, students and the community.

Nationally certified sign languages interpreters, Paul Fugate and Mercy Gonzalez, who both boast more than 30 years of interpreting experience, created and launched ASLdeafined in Oakland County in an effort to expand on their existing involvement in the community.

Fugate is a teacher for the Deaf and Hard of Hearing program in Bloomfield Hills and Gonzalez, a Miami native, is a trilingual interpreter who is involved with working with the deaf and Hispanic community in Oakland County. Their goal is to promote the use and understanding of American Sign Language.

“We are confident this site will encourage communication with all members of the family where there is a deaf individual,” Fugate said.

Their Web site offers help for deaf students and parents of deaf children in addition to the world community, through American Sign Language. Using videos, all of the lessons are geared toward individual learners, and provide sign language and English for those who are deaf. The average reading level used in the lessons is at the third and fourth grade.

For the parents and the hearing community, the lessons teach signing and receptive skills. ASLdeafined was created to suit the individual needs of each group. For example, parents of deaf children have access to signs concerning drugs and sex in an effort to keep parent members well informed.

“We saw the need, after many years of working with deaf children, and now we have created a solution, from a single classroom to a global community, with the individual’s needs at the core of our program,” Gonzalez said.

The membership is $12.95 a month, with an unlimited amount of access to the site. There is a free Web site tour for first-time visitors, which explains what the educational site offers. On the Web www.ASLdeafined.com

Story link:  http://www.theoaklandpress.com/articles/2009/06/01/life/doc4a23997807bc0895699798.txt

Deaf Awareness Quiz

How much do you know about the Deaf Community?

True or False

1.      All deaf people can talk?

2.     Deaf people don’t mind working in noisy places?

3.      American Sign Language is a universal language?

4.     Deaf people cannot drive?

5.     All deaf people know American Sign Language?

6.     All deaf people attend a residential program (deaf school)?

7.     Deaf people can read Braille?

8.     All deaf people wear hearing aids?

9.     Deaf people can find jobs pretty easy?

10.  Deaf people can do ANYTHING except hear?

11.   American Sign Language is a form of shorthand?

12.   American Sign Language is not a “real” language because it has no written form?

All of the answers above are false except number 10.  Deaf people can do anything except hear.

Technology Used by Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing People

Technology is used often by those who are deaf or hard-of-hearing.  Some people may wonder how a person with a hearing loss knows when someone is at his or her door.  Or, how does a person with a hearing loss know when his or her phone is ringing?  The products featured below are most often used by the deaf and hard-of-hearing communities.  These products are an integral part of their everyday lives.

Alarm clockVibrating Alarm Clock

Fire alarm pic Flashing Fire Alarm

Telephone signal deviceTelephone Signal Device

TTYTelecommunication Device for the Deaf (TDD or TTY)

videophoneVideophone for the Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing

sidekick Sidekick telphone

doorbell alarms Doorbell Flashing Alarms


These products and more can be purchased at Harris Communications http://www.harriscomm.com/